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Compare Kenya (2005) - Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (2006)

Compare Kenya (2005) z Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (2006)

 Kenya (2005)Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (2006)
 KenyaSaint Vincent and the Grenadines
Administrative divisions 7 provinces and 1 area*; Central, Coast, Eastern, Nairobi Area*, North Eastern, Nyanza, Rift Valley, Western 6 parishes; Charlotte, Grenadines, Saint Andrew, Saint David, Saint George, Saint Patrick
Age structure 0-14 years: 42.5% (male 7,252,075/female 7,124,034)


15-64 years: 55.2% (male 9,378,428/female 9,295,471)


65 years and over: 2.3% (male 356,116/female 423,466) (2005 est.)
0-14 years: 26.7% (male 16,007/female 15,426)


15-64 years: 66.9% (male 40,676/female 38,155)


65 years and over: 6.4% (male 3,315/female 4,269) (2006 est.)
Agriculture - products tea, coffee, corn, wheat, sugarcane, fruit, vegetables; dairy products, beef, pork, poultry, eggs bananas, coconuts, sweet potatoes, spices; small numbers of cattle, sheep, pigs, goats; fish
Airports 221 (2004 est.) 6 (2006)
Airports - with paved runways total: 15


over 3,047 m: 4


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 3


914 to 1,523 m: 6


under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
total: 5


914 to 1,523 m: 4


under 914 m: 1 (2006)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 206


1,524 to 2,437 m: 12


914 to 1,523 m: 110


under 914 m: 84 (2004 est.)
total: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2006)
Area total: 582,650 sq km


land: 569,250 sq km


water: 13,400 sq km
total: 389 sq km (Saint Vincent 344 sq km)


land: 389 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly more than twice the size of Nevada twice the size of Washington, DC
Background Founding president and liberation struggle icon Jomo KENYATTA led Kenya from independence until his death in 1978, when President Daniel Toroitich arap MOI took power in a constitutional succession. The country was a de facto one-party state from 1969 until 1982 when the ruling Kenya African National Union (KANU) made itself the sole legal party in Kenya. MOI acceded to internal and external pressure for political liberalization in late 1991. The ethnically fractured opposition failed to dislodge KANU from power in elections in 1992 and 1997, which were marred by violence and fraud, but are viewed as having generally reflected the will of the Kenyan people. President MOI stepped down in December of 2002 following fair and peaceful elections. Mwai KIBAKI, running as the candidate of the multiethnic, united opposition group, the National Rainbow Coalition, defeated KANU candidate Uhuru KENYATTA and assumed the presidency following a campaign centered on an anticorruption platform. Resistance by native Caribs prevented colonization on St. Vincent until 1719. Disputed between France and the United Kingdom for most of the 18th century, the island was ceded to the latter in 1783. Between 1960 and 1962, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines was a separate administrative unit of the Federation of the West Indies. Autonomy was granted in 1969 and independence in 1979.
Birth rate 40.13 births/1,000 population (2005 est.) 16.18 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Budget revenues: $2.89 billion


expenditures: $3.443 billion, including capital expenditures of NA (2004 est.)
revenues: $94.6 million


expenditures: $85.8 million; including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)
Capital Nairobi name: Kingstown


geographic coordinates: 13 09 N, 61 14 W


time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate varies from tropical along coast to arid in interior tropical; little seasonal temperature variation; rainy season (May to November)
Coastline 536 km 84 km
Constitution 12 December 1963; amended as a republic 1964; reissued with amendments 1979, 1982, 1986, 1988, 1991, 1992, 1997, and 2001 27 October 1979
Country name conventional long form: Republic of Kenya


conventional short form: Kenya


former: British East Africa
conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Death rate 14.65 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.) 5.98 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Debt - external $6.792 billion (2004 est.) $223 million (2004)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador William M. BELLAMY


embassy: US Embassy, United Nations Ave., Gigiri; P. O. Box 606 Village Market Nairobi


mailing address: Box 21A, Unit 64100, APO AE 09831


telephone: [254] (20) 537-800


FAX: [254] (20) 537-810
the US does not have an embassy in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; the US Ambassador to Barbados is accredited to Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Leonard NGAITHE


chancery: 2249 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 387-6101


FAX: [1] (202) 462-3829


consulate(s) general: Los Angeles
chief of mission: Ambassador Ellsworth I. A. JOHN


chancery: 3216 New Mexico Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016


telephone: [1] (202) 364-6730


FAX: [1] (202) 364-6736


consulate(s) general: New York
Disputes - international Kenya served as an important mediator in brokering Sudan's north-south separation in February 2005; Kenya provides shelter to approximately a quarter of a million refugees including Ugandans who flee across the border periodically to seek protection from Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) rebels; Kenya's administrative limits extend beyond the treaty border into the Sudan, creating the Ilemi Triangle joins other Caribbean states to counter Venezuela's claim that Aves Island sustains human habitation, a criterion under UNCLOS, which permits Venezuela to extend its EEZ/continental shelf over a large portion of the Caribbean Sea
Economic aid - recipient $453 million (1997) $10.5 million (1995); note - EU $34.5 million (2004)
Economy - overview The regional hub for trade and finance in East Africa, Kenya has been hampered by corruption and by reliance upon several primary goods whose prices have remained low. In 1997, the IMF suspended Kenya's Enhanced Structural Adjustment Program due to the government's failure to maintain reforms and curb corruption. A severe drought from 1999 to 2000 compounded Kenya's problems, causing water and energy rationing and reducing agricultural output. As a result, GDP contracted by 0.2% in 2000. The IMF, which had resumed loans in 2000 to help Kenya through the drought, again halted lending in 2001 when the government failed to institute several anticorruption measures. Despite the return of strong rains in 2001, weak commodity prices, endemic corruption, and low investment limited Kenya's economic growth to 1.2%. Growth lagged at 1.1% in 2002 because of erratic rains, low investor confidence, meager donor support, and political infighting up to the elections. In the key 27 December 2002 elections, Daniel Arap MOI's 24-year-old reign ended, and a new opposition government took on the formidable economic problems facing the nation. In 2003, progress was made in rooting out corruption and encouraging donor support, with GDP growth edging up to 1.7%. GDP grew a moderate 2.2% in 2004. Economic growth in this lower-middle-income country hinges upon seasonal variations in the agricultural and tourism sectors. Tropical storms wiped out substantial portions of crops in 1994, 1995, and 2002, and tourism in the Eastern Caribbean has suffered low arrivals following 11 September 2001. Saint Vincent is home to a small offshore banking sector and has moved to adopt international regulatory standards. Saint Vincent is also a producer of marijuana and is being used as a transshipment point for illegal narcotics from South America.
Electricity - consumption 4.337 billion kWh (2002) 88.35 million kWh (2003)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2002) 0 kWh (2003)
Electricity - imports 175 million kWh (2002) 0 kWh (2003)
Electricity - production 4.475 billion kWh (2002) 95 million kWh (2003)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mount Kenya 5,199 m
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m


highest point: La Soufriere 1,234 m
Environment - current issues water pollution from urban and industrial wastes; degradation of water quality from increased use of pesticides and fertilizers; water hyacinth infestation in Lake Victoria; deforestation; soil erosion; desertification; poaching pollution of coastal waters and shorelines from discharges by pleasure yachts and other effluents; in some areas, pollution is severe enough to make swimming prohibitive
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups Kikuyu 22%, Luhya 14%, Luo 13%, Kalenjin 12%, Kamba 11%, Kisii 6%, Meru 6%, other African 15%, non-African (Asian, European, and Arab) 1% black 66%, mixed 19%, East Indian 6%, Carib Amerindian 2%, other 7%
Exchange rates Kenyan shillings per US dollar - 79.174 (2004), 75.936 (2003), 78.749 (2002), 78.563 (2001), 76.176 (2000) East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7 (2005), 2.7 (2004), 2.7 (2003), 2.7 (2002), 2.7 (2001)
Executive branch chief of state: President Mwai KIBAKI (since 30 December 2002) and Vice President Moody AWORI (since 25 September 2003); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President Mwai KIBAKI (since 30 December 2002) and Vice President Moody AWORI (since 25 September 2003); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president


elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; in addition to receiving the largest number of votes in absolute terms, the presidential candidate must also win 25% or more of the vote in at least five of Kenya's seven provinces and one area to avoid a runoff; election last held 27 December 2002 (next to be held December 2007); vice president appointed by the president


election results: President Mwai KIBAKI elected; percent of vote - Mwai KIBAKI 63%, Uhuru KENYATTA 30%
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Sir Fredrick Nathaniel BALLANTYNE (since 2 September 2002)


head of government: Prime Minister Ralph E. GONSALVES (since 29 March 2001)


cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the governor general is appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is usually appointed prime minister by the governor general; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister
Exports NA NA bbl/day
Exports - commodities tea, horticultural products, coffee, petroleum products, fish, cement bananas 39%, eddoes and dasheen (taro), arrowroot starch; tennis racquets
Exports - partners Uganda 13.3%, UK 11.4%, US 10.6%, Netherlands 8.2%, Egypt 4.9%, Tanzania 4.5%, Pakistan 4.3% (2004) France 50.3%, Italy 21%, Greece 11%, US 4.2% (2005)
Fiscal year 1 July - 30 June calendar year
Flag description three equal horizontal bands of black (top), red, and green; the red band is edged in white; a large warrior's shield covering crossed spears is superimposed at the center three vertical bands of blue (hoist side), gold (double width), and green; the gold band bears three green diamonds arranged in a V pattern
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 19.3%


industry: 18.5%


services: 62.4% (2004 est.)
agriculture: 10%


industry: 26%


services: 64% (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $1,100 (2004 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 2.2% (2004 est.) 4.9% (2005 est.)
Geographic coordinates 1 00 N, 38 00 E 13 15 N, 61 12 W
Geography - note the Kenyan Highlands comprise one of the most successful agricultural production regions in Africa; glaciers are found on Mount Kenya, Africa's second highest peak; unique physiography supports abundant and varied wildlife of scientific and economic value the administration of the islands of the Grenadines group is divided between Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Grenada; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is comprised of 32 islands and cays
Highways total: 63,942 km


paved: 7,737 km


unpaved: 56,205 km (2000)
-
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: 2%


highest 10%: 37.2% (2000)
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs widespread harvesting of small plots of marijuana; transit country for South Asian heroin destined for Europe and North America; Indian methaqualone also transits on way to South Africa; significant potential for money-laundering activity given the country's status as a regional financial center; massive corruption, and relatively high levels of narcotics-associated activities transshipment point for South American drugs destined for the US and Europe; small-scale cannabis cultivation
Imports NA NA bbl/day
Imports - commodities machinery and transportation equipment, petroleum products, motor vehicles, iron and steel, resins and plastics foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, chemicals and fertilizers, minerals and fuels
Imports - partners UAE 12.6%, Saudi Arabia 9.1%, South Africa 8.8%, US 7.7%, India 7.2%, UK 6.7%, China 6.4%, Japan 5% (2004) France 36.1%, Singapore 12.5%, Italy 11.9%, Trinidad and Tobago 7.9%, US 7.2% (2005)
Independence 12 December 1963 (from UK) 27 October 1979 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate 2.6% (2004 est.) -0.9% (1997 est.)
Industries small-scale consumer goods (plastic, furniture, batteries, textiles, soap, cigarettes, flour), agricultural products; oil refining, aluminum, steel, lead, cement; commercial ship repair, tourism food processing, cement, furniture, clothing, starch
Infant mortality rate total: 61.47 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 64.26 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 58.62 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
total: 14.4 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 15.67 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 13.08 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 9% (2004 est.) 1% (2005 est.)
International organization participation ACP, AfDB, AU, C, EADB, FAO, G-15, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MIGA, MINURSO, MONUC, NAM, ONUB, OPCW, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMEE, UNMIK, UNMIL, UNOCI, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO (subscriber), ITU, MIGA, OAS, OECS, OPANAL, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WTO
Irrigated land 670 sq km (1998 est.) 10 sq km (2003)
Judicial branch Court of Appeal (chief justice is appointed by the president); High Court Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based on Saint Lucia; one judge of the Supreme Court resides in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines)
Labor force 11.4 million (2004 est.) 41,680 (1991 est.)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 75% (2003 est.) agriculture: 26%


industry: 17%


services: 57% (1980 est.)
Land boundaries total: 3,477 km


border countries: Ethiopia 861 km, Somalia 682 km, Sudan 232 km, Tanzania 769 km, Uganda 933 km
0 km
Land use arable land: 8.08%


permanent crops: 0.98%


other: 90.94% (2001)
arable land: 17.95%


permanent crops: 17.95%


other: 64.1% (2005)
Languages English (official), Kiswahili (official), numerous indigenous languages English, French patois
Legal system based on Kenyan statutory law, Kenyan and English common law, tribal law, and Islamic law; judicial review in High Court; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations; constitutional amendment of 1982 making Kenya a de jure one-party state repealed in 1991 based on English common law
Legislative branch unicameral National Assembly or Bunge (224 seats; 210 members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms, 12 so-called "nominated" members who are appointed by the president but selected by the parties in proportion to their parliamentary vote totals, 2 ex-officio members)


elections: last held 27 December 2002 (next to be held by early 2007)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NARC 125, KANU 64, FORD-P 14, other 7; ex-officio 2; seats appointed by the president - NARC 7, KANU 4, FORD-P 1
unicameral House of Assembly (21 seats, 15 elected representatives and 6 appointed senators; representatives are elected by popular vote from single-member constituencies to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 7 December 2005 (next to be held 2010)


election results: percent of vote by party - ULP 55.26%, NDP 44.68%; seats by party - ULP 12, NDP 3
Life expectancy at birth total population: 47.99 years


male: 48.87 years


female: 47.09 years (2005 est.)
total population: 73.85 years


male: 71.99 years


female: 75.77 years (2006 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 85.1%


male: 90.6%


female: 79.7% (2003 est.)
definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school


total population: 96%


male: 96%


female: 96% (1970 est.)
Location Eastern Africa, bordering the Indian Ocean, between Somalia and Tanzania Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean, north of Trinidad and Tobago
Map references Africa Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 24 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200 nm
Merchant marine total: 3 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 6,049 GRT/7,082 DWT


by type: cargo 2, petroleum tanker 1


registered in other countries: 6 (2005)
total: 589 ships (1000 GRT or over) 5,449,699 GRT/8,051,250 DWT


by type: bulk carrier 106, cargo 351, chemical tanker 5, container 20, liquefied gas 7, livestock carrier 1, passenger 5, passenger/cargo 15, petroleum tanker 18, refrigerated cargo 38, roll on/roll off 20, specialized tanker 3


foreign-owned: 529 (Bangladesh 1, Barbados 1, Belgium 3, Bulgaria 17, Canada 6, China 103, Croatia 9, Cyprus 1, Czech Republic


registered in other countries: 1 (Comoros 1) (2006)
Military branches Army, Navy, Air Force no regular military forces; Royal Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Police Force (includes Special Service Unit), Coast Guard (2005)
Military expenditures - dollar figure $177.1 million (2004) NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 1.3% (2004) NA
National holiday Independence Day, 12 December (1963) Independence Day, 27 October (1979)
Nationality noun: Kenyan(s)


adjective: Kenyan
noun: Saint Vincentian(s) or Vincentian(s)


adjective: Saint Vincentian or Vincentian
Natural hazards recurring drought; flooding during rainy seasons hurricanes; Soufriere volcano on the island of Saint Vincent is a constant threat
Natural resources limestone, soda ash, salt, gemstones, fluorspar, zinc, diatomite, gypsum, wildlife, hydropower hydropower, cropland
Net migration rate 0.08 migrant(s)/1,000 population


note: according to UNHCR, by the end of 2001 Kenya was host to 220,000 refugees from neighboring countries, including: Somalia 145,000 and Sudan 68,000 (2005 est.)
-7.59 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Pipelines refined products 752 km (2004) -
Political parties and leaders Forum for the Restoration of Democracy-People or FORD-People [Kimaniwa NYOIKE, chairman]; Kenya African National Union or KANU [Uhuru KENYATTA]; National Rainbow Coalition or NARC [Mwai KIBAKI] - the governing party New Democratic Party or NDP [Arnhim EUSTACE]; Unity Labor Party or ULP [Ralph GONSALVES] (formed by the coalition of Saint Vincent Labor Party or SVLP and the Movement for National Unity or MNU)
Political pressure groups and leaders human rights groups; labor unions; Muslim organizations; National Convention Executive Council or NCEC, a proreform coalition of political parties and nongovernment organizations [Kivutha KIBWANA]; Protestant National Council of Churches of Kenya or NCCK [Mutava MUSYIMI]; Roman Catholic and other Christian churches; Supreme Council of Kenya Muslims or SUPKEM [Shaykh Abdul Gafur al-BUSAIDY] NA
Population 33,829,590


note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2005 est.)
117,848 (July 2006 est.)
Population below poverty line 50% (2000 est.) NA%
Population growth rate 2.56% (2005 est.) 0.26% (2006 est.)
Ports and harbors Mombasa -
Radio broadcast stations AM 24, FM 18, shortwave 6 (2001) AM 1, FM 6, shortwave 0 (2004)
Railways total: 2,778 km


narrow gauge: 2,778 km 1.000-m gauge (2004)
-
Religions Protestant 45%, Roman Catholic 33%, indigenous beliefs 10%, Muslim 10%, other 2%


note: a large majority of Kenyans are Christian, but estimates for the percentage of the population that adheres to Islam or indigenous beliefs vary widely
Anglican 47%, Methodist 28%, Roman Catholic 13%, Hindu, Seventh-Day Adventist, other Protestant
Sex ratio at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.84 male(s)/female


total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.07 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female


total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: unreliable; little attempt to modernize except for service to business


domestic: trunks are primarily microwave radio relay; business data commonly transferred by a very small aperture terminal (VSAT) system


international: country code - 254; satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat
general assessment: adequate system


domestic: islandwide, fully automatic telephone system; VHF/UHF radiotelephone from Saint Vincent to the other islands of the Grenadines


international: country code - 1-784; VHF/UHF radiotelephone from Saint Vincent to Barbados; new SHF radiotelephone to Grenada and to Saint Lucia; access to Intelsat earth station in Martinique through Saint Lucia
Telephones - main lines in use 328,400 (2003) 22,500 (2005)
Telephones - mobile cellular 1,590,800 (2003) 70,600 (2005)
Television broadcast stations 8 (2002) 1 (plus three repeaters) (2004)
Terrain low plains rise to central highlands bisected by Great Rift Valley; fertile plateau in west volcanic, mountainous
Total fertility rate 4.96 children born/woman (2005 est.) 1.83 children born/woman (2006 est.)
Unemployment rate 40% (2001 est.) 15% (2001 est.)
Waterways part of Lake Victoria system is within boundaries of Kenya (2004) -
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